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Two basic sources of information are the Traffic Collision Report, and photographs of the vehicles and collision scene.
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Other areas of analysis not included are collisions involving heavy trucks and other articulating vehicles, or impacts involving pedestrians, motorcycles and bicycles.ĭetails regarding the circumstances of a collision are often obtained through several means. These concepts are presented as they commonly apply to collisions involving passenger cars. The following material is not intended to be comprehensive, but should be considered an overview of fundamental principals. This article presents several basic concepts typically found in the area of investigation and reconstruction of vehicle collisions. Questions such as, “How fast was the vehicle going at impact?” or “How much did the vehicle slow during the locked-wheel braking?” or “At what angles did the two vehicles collide?” can be answered by the reconstructionist after thorough evaluation of available information. spreadsheets, AutoCAD, simulation or modeling tools, graphics and photo-management software). It requires a working knowledge of many disciplines including physics, vehicle dynamics, mathematics, photogrammetry, and computer applications (i.e. (10) Yamada, Y., Ogawa, Y.,, "Study on the residual ultimate longitudinal strength of hull girder of a bulk carrier against a sagging moment after ship collision", Advances in Marine Structures - Guedes Soares & Fricke(eds),pp.What is Accident Reconstruction? Accident reconstruction is the process using scientific methodology to determine the circumstances, mechanics, and contributing factors associated with a collision. (9) Yamada, Y., Pedersen, P.T.,, "A Benchmark Study of Procedures for Analysis of Axial Crushing of Bulbous Bows", Marine Structure,Vo.21, pp.257-293, (2008) (8) "Yamada, Y., Endo, H., Pedersen, P.T., ""Effect of Buffer Bow Structure in Ship-Ship Collision"", International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering (IJOPE),Vol.18, No.2, pp.133-141, (2008)" (7) Yamada, Y., Endo, H.,, "Experimental and Numerical Study on the Collapse Strength of the Bulbous Bow Structure in Oblique Collision", Marine Technology,Vol.45, No.1, pp.42-53, (2008) (6) Yamada, Y., Pedersen, P.T., Friis-Hansen, P., "Risk Reducing Effect of Buffer Bow Structures on the Collision Damage of Oil Tankers, Risk Workshop at Technical University of Denmark, (2007) (5) Yamada, Y., Pedersen, P.T., Friis-Hansen, P., ""The Effect of Buffer Bow Structures on Probabilistic Collision Damages of Oil Tankers"", Proceedings of International Conference of Collision and Groundings of Ships (ICCGS-2007),pp.235-242, (2007)" (4) Yamada, Y., Pedersen, P.T.,, ""Simplified Analysis Tool for Ship-Ship Collision"", Proceedings of The Seventeenth International Socciety of Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE-2007),pp.3760-3767, (2007)" (3) Yamada, Y., Endo, H., Pedersen, P.T., ""Numerical Study on the Effect of Buffer Bow Structure in Ship-Ship Collision"", Proceedings of The Fifteenth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference(ISOPE-2005),pp.604-611, (2005)" (2) Yamada, Y., Endo, H., Kawano, H, ""Collapse Mechanism of the Buffer Bow Structure on Axial Crushing"",International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering (IJOPE),Vol.
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(1) Yamada, Y., Endo, H., Pedersen, P.T., "Collapse Strength of the Bulbous Bow Structure in Oblique Collision"", Proceedings of International Conference of Collision and Groundings of Ships (ICCGS-2004),pp.160-171, (2004)" Rupture of side shell due to ship collision Failure strain is used as one of failure criteria, and which is dependent on the element sizes and effect of stress-axiality, and various know-how is needed. As a material constitutive model, relation between effective-plastic strain and effective stress needs to be defined. Our institute provides ship-to-ship numerical simulations considering ship motions, added mass effects, restoring force (Roll, Pitch), failure of material, strain-rate dependency, contact between structural members, friction (static/dynamic) where 6 degree of freedom is set on the center of gravity of the ship.Instead, the crashworthiness of ships is usually evaluated by advanced large-scale numerical simulations. It is difficult and not practical to evaluate crashworthiness of ships using real ships due to its large structures.Therefore, from the view point of safety of life and maritime environment it is important to keep enough structural strength so as not to make disastrous consequences including sinking of ships. Collision and grounding is main causes of maritime accidents.・Boundary Non-linearity(Contact, static or dynamic friction) ・Geometric Non-linearity(Large deformation, infinite deformation) ・Material Non-linearity(Material constitutive model, nonlinear relation between stress and strain)